Note that in the latter case there are no edges connecting the points as these points (pseudo-particles) do not require the definition of multiple-node element connectivity, as is the case in the traditional finite element representation on the left. On the right, the same volume is represented by a collection of discrete points. The model on the left is a traditional tetrahedron mesh of the volume occupied by the fluid. Both discrete representations model the initial configuration of a body of fluid inside a bottle, as described in detail in “Impact of a water-filled bottle, ” Section 2.3.2 of the Abaqus Example Problems Guide. The example shown in Figure 15.2.1–1 contrasts the two approaches. In smoothed particle hydrodynamics these nodes are commonly referred to as particles or pseudo-particles. For these methods you do not define nodes and elements as you would normally define in a finite element analysis instead, only a collection of points are necessary to represent a given body. Smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is a numerical method that is part of the larger family of meshless (or mesh-free) methods.
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